About Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen (brand names Advil, Motrin) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation. It is one of the most commonly used OTC medications worldwide, available in tablet, capsule, liquid, and topical forms. Unlike acetaminophen, ibuprofen provides true anti-inflammatory effects, making it particularly effective for conditions involving inflammation such as arthritis, muscle strains, sports injuries, menstrual cramps, and dental pain. Prescription-strength ibuprofen (up to 800 mg per dose) is available for more severe pain and inflammatory conditions.
How It Works
Ibuprofen inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes (cyclooxygenases), which are responsible for producing prostaglandins — chemical messengers that cause pain, fever, and inflammation. By reducing prostaglandin synthesis both centrally and peripherally, ibuprofen provides analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The inhibition of COX-1 also reduces protective prostaglandins in the stomach lining, which is why it can cause GI irritation.
Key Facts
- ✓OTC dose: 200-400 mg every 4-6 hours (max 1,200 mg/day OTC)
- ✓Prescription doses up to 800 mg per dose, 3,200 mg/day
- ✓Take with food or milk to reduce stomach irritation
- ✓Provides anti-inflammatory effects that acetaminophen does not
- ✓Avoid in kidney disease, stomach ulcers, and third trimester pregnancy
- ✓Risk of cardiovascular events increases with long-term use
Who Is Ibuprofen For?
Ibuprofen is appropriate for adults and children (6 months+) for pain, fever, and inflammation. It is particularly effective for inflammatory conditions, menstrual pain, and musculoskeletal injuries. It should be avoided by people with stomach ulcers, kidney disease, heart failure, late pregnancy, or those taking blood thinners. People over 65 should use it with caution due to increased GI and cardiovascular risks.
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Cost
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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. Prices shown are estimates and may vary by location and pharmacy.